ʻO wai ʻo MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT

ʻO wai ʻo MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT

ʻO MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT (27 ʻApelila 1759 – 10 Kepakemapa 1797) he mea kākau ʻōlelo Pelekania a ʻo ia hoʻi he loea a me ke kākoʻo pono wahine. ʻO ka lua o ke keiki a ka ʻohana o nā keiki ʻehiku, ʻo Wollstonecraft i hānau ʻia ma Lākana. Ma hope o kona hoʻololi ʻana mai ka ulana ʻana i ka mahiʻai, ʻaʻole i hāʻule a he kanaka ʻino, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e inu i ka waiʻona i ka manawa.

No ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻouna ʻia nā kaikamahine i ke kula i kēlā manawa, ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka heluhelu a me ke kākau ʻana ma o kahi kahu kīʻaha kahiko. Eia hou, i ka manawa i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻo ke ala maʻamau no nā kaikamahine e ola ai ʻo ia ka male a no ka mea ʻaʻole kokoke ʻo Wollstonecraft i kēia kūlana, haʻalele ʻo ia i ka hale. A manaʻo ʻo ia ʻo ka male ʻana no ke kālā he moekolohe ma ke kānāwai.

I loko o kēia manawa, hana ʻo ia i ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana i hiki i nā wahine ke hana. Ua mālama ʻo ia i nā wahi e like me ka hele pū ʻana me ka poʻe waiwai i kā lākou huakaʻi a me nā hana no ka uku, ʻo ke kiaʻāina, ke aʻo ʻana, ke kumu kula, a me ke kākau ʻana. ʻO ka moʻolelo lōʻihi āna i hana ai i kona wā kahu hānai a kapa ʻia ʻo Mary a me kāna mau puke i kapa ʻia ʻo Education of Girls i paʻi ʻia e ka hale paʻi puke ʻo Fleet Street. Ma hope o ka hoʻolimalima ʻana iā Wollstonecraft, ka mea i hoʻoikaika ʻia e nā manaʻo o ka mea hoʻopuka ʻo Joseph, ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoponopono, ua aʻo ʻo ia a unuhi i ka ʻōlelo Italia, Kelemānia a me Palani ma kāna hana ponoʻī.

Ua kaulana ʻo ia i ka makahiki 1770, i ke kanakolukūmākahi mau makahiki. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo Underskirt Hyena ma hope o ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka ʻatikala 'Protection of Human Rights' e kūʻē iā Edmund Burke, ka mea i kaulana no kona kū kūʻē i ka French Revolution. Ua paʻi ʻo ia i kāna puke, The Justification of the Rights of Women, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka Declaration of Human Rights a ua hoʻopau ʻo ia i loko o ʻeono pule, a hoʻolaʻa iā Talleyrand, he mokuʻāina Farani. Ma kēia hana, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne ma ke ʻano he like lākou, akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ke kū nei ke kūlana ma muli o ka nele o ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka naʻaupō.

ʻO Wollstonecraft, he wahine i pili ʻino me Fuseli lāua ʻo Gilbert Imlay a he kaikamahine kāna mai Imlay, ua male ʻo William Godwin, āna i hālāwai ai ma o kāna mea hoʻopuka, i ka makahiki 1775. Akā naʻe, ua make ʻo ia i ʻelua makahiki ma hope, he ʻumi lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o kāna kaikamahine ʻelua. Ua waiho ʻia kona make ʻana i nā palapala i pau ʻole. ʻO kāna kaikamahine ʻelua, i ʻike ʻia e nā kānaka a pau ʻo Mary Shelley, ua make ma hope koke o kona hānau ʻana; Ua hahai pū ʻo Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin i ke ala o kona makuahine e lilo i mea kākau a hoʻopuka iā Frankenstein.

Hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o ka make ʻana o Wollstonecraft, ua paʻi ʻo ia i kahi moʻolelo pilikino o kāna wahine ʻo Wollstonecraft. ʻOiai ua hana manawaleʻa ʻole ia, ua hōʻino ia i ka kaulana o Wollstonecraft ma muli o kēia moʻolelo pilikino, akā me ke kū ʻana o nā neʻe wahine i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 20, ua ʻike hou ʻia nā manaʻo i pale ʻia e ka mea kākau a hoʻomaka i ka nui. ʻO kāna hōʻino ʻana no ke kaulike wahine a me ka manaʻo kuʻuna o ka wahine i lilo i mea nui. ʻIke ʻia i kēia manawa ʻo kekahi o nā kumu kihi o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ke akeakamai wahine a ma waena o kāna mau mea hoʻokumu.

Ke noʻonoʻo nei i nā manaʻo o ka mea kākau, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia he manaʻo kona e hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia i kahi humanism radical e ʻimi ana i ka manaʻo liberal a me ke kaulike i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka mālamalama. Mālama ia ua hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma ka manaʻo o ke kanaka a pono like nā kuleana i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻonaʻauao. I kāna mau hana, hōʻike ʻo ia i ka wahi home ma ke ʻano he kaiāulu a me kahi e hoʻonoho ai i ka nohona.

NA BUKE

Nā manaʻo no ke aʻo ʻana o nā kaikamahine
Hōʻoiaʻiʻo o nā Kuleana Wahine
Nāʻike o ka mōʻaukala a me ka Moral e pili ana i ka French Revolution