He aha nā Pūnaewele Language ma Kelemānia? Nā Pūhui'Ōlelo Kelemānia
NA HUAOLELO HANA GERMAN. I kēia ʻatikala, e hāʻawi mākou i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻoihana ʻōlelo e hana ana ma Kelemania. ʻO nā hui e like me ka ʻ Languagelelo ʻ Languagelelo Turkish i Turkey aia pū kekahi i Kelemania. I kēia manawa e hāʻawi mākou i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻoihana ʻōlelo ma Kelemania.
ʻO Deutsche Sprachverein
(German Institute Institute)
Nā ʻikepili i loko
decontamination hooikaika ana o ka haole hua'ōlelo i loko o ka 'ōlelo Kelemānia ma a pau ua loaa ia i ka hou Ana me Palani 1870 kaua. Pela ka nui o lakou i loko o na Hoʻohana o ke kaiāulu mea ua hoala ae lakou i ka pane nui e ku e ia i na olelo. Özleştirmeci ka German 'ōlelo, e ho okumu i ka aina kaʻike i loko o kēia wahi; Ma ka 1876 German 'ōlelo paa no ka manawa mua i halawai me ka mea, i loko o kaʻaha ikaika lula. Friedrich Kluge ka etymological puke wehewehe'ōlelo o ka German 'ōlelo (1883) a me ka nui Kelemānia puke wehewehe'ōlelo o ka Brothers Grimm (1854) hana i loko o ka ia wā i loko o lākou i çıkmıştır.büt o kēia haʻawina, e pili ana i ka oe kākau moʻolelo Hermann Riegel ka ka lossy ōlelo me ke kahea ana i na kanaka Kelemānia; Ka mea, ua lilo ka nui koe i loko o ke kahua o ka 'ōlelo i ka hoʻolālā a me ke Kelemānia'Ōlelo Society i hoʻokumu i ka makahiki 1885.
ʻO nā kumu o kēia kula; ka mahalo a me ka malama, e hōʻike i ka uhane oiaio o ka 'ōlelo Kelemānia, o ka makuwahine elelo o ka pololei, pololei, mōakaaka a me ka maikai hoala pau loa e pili ana i ka' ōlelo a me ka hana i kekahi aina ike paka i ka ridding mai o na olelo.
No kēia kumu, ua paʻiʻiaʻo 1 e H.Riegel, ka pelekikena o ke kula, ka puke pai no ka Institution of the German Language Association i kaʻApelila 1886. I ka wā i hakuʻia ai kēia puke pai, ua hoʻokumuʻia ka waihona no nā lehulehu, e neʻe aku ana mai nā manaʻo a me nā hua'ōlelo.
Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoihoi iā: Makemake ʻoe e aʻo i nā ala maʻalahi a wikiwiki hoʻi e loaʻa kālā i ʻike ʻole ʻia e kekahi? ʻO nā ala kumu e loaʻa kālā ai! Eia kekahi, ʻaʻohe pono o ke kapikala! No nā kikoʻī KAomi ma aneʻi
25 o ka Pūnaewele Kelemānia. Loaʻa iā ia nā lālā 324 aʻoi aku ma mua o kanakolu mau lālā ma nā'āina'ē e like me Romania, Pelekia, Switzerland a me USA. Ua lanakila loa kaʻoihana ma kaʻoihana aupuni a me ka hoʻonaʻauaoʻana. Akā, aia nā kū'ē'ē ma waena o ka hoʻonaʻauao kula a me nā mea kākau. "Preußisch o Jahrbüch" (Prussian 'o ka) i loko o ka Theodor Fontane, Heyse, a me ka neʻeʻana aku i Erich Schmidt ua hoi ia Delbruck Ua pio ka polokalamu ka mea nui wale paahana linguists a me nā kākau moʻolelo. Thinkers o ke kaua e kū'ē i nā hua'ōlelo haole e like me kā lākou hoakaka ma keia Magazine a me ka ia i hoʻomōhala i lilo i ke aupuni kumu ma. Akā, i ka 'oihana i kauoha aku e malama i kona' ana ma muli naʻe o na mea a pau.
ʻepekema 'atikala mai nā hana o ke kula, Almancalaştır Books (German Food List, Commercial Terms, haʻuki, me Media, kūhelu' ōlelo puke wehewehe, etc.), ke aupuni ma lalo nei a me ahahui, leaflets, nupepa "Language ke kihi" ua palapala ma lalo o ka inoa a me Kelemania, ma luna o ka wahi o ka hālāwai paʻa i loko o nā kūlanakauhale ua ua ke aupuni '.
I ka hoʻomakaʻana o ke kauaʻo 1.World, ua hoʻololiʻia nā hana o ka'ōleloʻana ma Kelemānia i ka manaʻo likeʻole a lilo i hihia kūloko. ʻO Eduard Engel kekahi o nā mea kākau i kēia manawa. Wahi aʻo ia,ʻaʻole i'ōlelo houʻiaʻo Kelemānia ma Siamani a ua nalowale ka'ōlelo. Ua lilo ka'ōlelo Kelemānia i ''ōlelo hoʻohui'ʻia o nā 'ōlelo likeʻole. (Entwelschung, Verdeutschungsbuch für Amt, Schule, Haus und Leben, 1918) E like me Engel, ke hoʻohana nei i nä hua 'ölelo a me nä' ölelo 'ölelo a ka' ölelo 'ölelo.
ʻO ka Language German, kākoʻo i ka piʻiʻana o Hitler i ka mana ma 1933; "Germany e ala mai!", "Aʻo i ka Kelemānia People" National Socialist kākoʻo ma ka pūʻulu palapala ma lalo o headlines. Ua komo i loko o ana o ka ia makahiki kulanui Nazis a me ka Magazine ka inoa o "Muttersprache, Zeitschrift Des Deustch ka Sprachvereins mit lua Berichten mai Des Deutschen Sprachpflegeamts" (German Language Society Magazine, German Language Care me ka lono, mai ke keʻena), e like me ka hoololi. Eia naʻe, ke kula i hoʻololi i nā hoʻolālā, mai 1943 a hiki i ka hopena o ke kaua.
Die Gesellschaft Für Deutsche Sprache
(Hawaiian Society Society)
Ma hope o ka Apana World War, ka Kelemānia Language Society ma January 10 1947 e hoʻomaha i ke alakaʻi o Germany ka Max Wach Lünebırg ma "Die Gesellschaft für deutsche Sprache" Ua hoʻokumu. Ka Society ka Pahuhopu ma-ka mua ma hope o kūkākūkā "Muttersprache" (Makuahine) ua hookolokoloia mai ai au e e hou-paʻi i ka puke pai, a me ka "Muttersprache - Zeitschrift Betezura Pfleger und Erforschung der Deutschen Sprache" (Language - German 'Ōlelo e malama a me ka Kelemānia Research Pai) ma lalo o ka inoa o 1949' E hoʻomaka i ka paʻiʻia mai. Kēia kaiāulu, na olelo, e like me ka Kelemānia'Ōlelo Society "haole" i, no ka mea, e nona kamaʻilio akula i loko o hua'ōlelo o ka paha ka mea, e elemakule paha pohole.
Ua hōʻuluʻuluʻia nā manaʻo o ka Pūʻulu'Ōlelo Kelemānia penei:
• Kōkua i kekahi mea nele i ka'ōlelo pili i ka'ōlelo
• kōkua i kaʻike maikaʻi i ka'ōlelo kumu a me kāna hana
• E hōʻoia i ka loina a me ka mālamaʻana i kēia aloha i kēia aloha
• Hoʻoikaika i ka kaiaulu'ōlelo Kelemānia e hoʻonui i ka'eneʻe a me ka'ōlelo 'ōlelo o ka' ōlelo
Ua hoʻolaha aku kaʻenehana'ōlelo Kelepa i nāʻano hana, nā hālāwai a me nā papahana ma ka hana pūʻana me nā luna aupuni a me nāʻoihana'ē aʻe e pili ana i kēia mau kumuhana.
Ma hope o ka haʻalele 'Society 1970 kekahi e hana me na olelo, mall linguistics a me ka pilina linguistics, maʻamau' ōlelo, i ka pilina ma waena o 'ōlelo pili i hoʻomōhala i nīnūnē e like me linguistics a me informatics. No kēia kumu, ua hoʻohewaʻia e nā poʻe loea he nui. Ua pane aku ka Society i kēia mau hoʻopiʻi e like me kēia: 'He mea nui e hoʻohana i ka'ōlelo kūpono,ʻaʻole e hoʻohana i kēia a iʻole kēlā'ōlelo'ē aʻe.'
Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoihoi iā: Hiki ke loaʻa kālā ma ka pūnaewele? No ka heluhelu ʻana i nā ʻike haʻalulu e pili ana i ka loaʻa kālā kālā ma ka nānā ʻana i nā hoʻolaha KAomi ma aneʻi
Ke noʻonoʻo nei ʻoe i ka nui o ke kālā āu e loaʻa ai i kēlā me kēia mahina ma ka pāʻani ʻana i nā pāʻani me ke kelepona paʻalima a me ka pili pūnaewele? E aʻo i nā pāʻani hana kālā KAomi ma aneʻi
Makemake ʻoe e aʻo i nā ala hoihoi a maoli e loaʻa kālā ai ma ka home? Pehea ʻoe e loaʻa ai ke kālā mai ka home? E aʻo KAomi ma aneʻi
Ke KulanuiʻO Deutsche Sprache
(Kelemānia Kūkākūkā Lelemānia)
Ua hoʻokumuʻia ka Institute German (IDS) ma Mannheim, Kelemānia, ma 1969. Ano, i hoʻokumu i kēia kula, e like me ka okoa mai i ka 'ōlelo kaiāulu, linguistics a me ka' ōlelo mōʻaukala o ka wahi ma ka inoa i kaʻepekema e holomua hana: Paul Grebe, Rudolf Hotenköcherl i Karl Kurt Klein, Richard Hansen, Jost Trier, Leon Weisgeb a me Hugo Moser.
ʻO nā mahele noiʻi nui o ka'Ōhui'Ōlelo Kelemāniaʻo:
1. Māhele Grammar a me Glossary: Ma kēia māhele, ke aʻoʻia nei ka papa o ka'ōlelo a me ka puke wehewehe'ōlelo ma nāʻano likeʻole.
2. Māhele'Ōlelo Māhele: Ma kēia māhele, mālamaʻia nā papahana ma ka hoʻohālikeʻana o ka'ōlelo Siamani me nā'ōlelo'ē aʻe.
3. Ke Kōmike HoʻomākaukauʻIkeʻikepili: Ke hoʻopukaʻia nei nā noiʻi loiloi i loko o kēiaʻoihana.
4. Hale Kiʻekiʻe:ʻO kēia ka 'Oihana e pili ana i ka hoʻoponopono a me ka'ōlelo Hoʻomaʻauao ma Imla.
ʻO kekahi o nā hana a ka German Institute Institute;
ʻO Sprache der Gegenwart (Hele Helemania),
Linguistische Grundlagen, Forschungen des IDS (IDS Linguistics Research,
Forschungsberichte des IDS (ka'ōlelo Hawaiʻiʻo Scientific Research Scientific Institute),
Studach zur deustchen Grammatik (Kekemapa Grammar Studies),
ʻO Deutsche Sprache (German Magazine Magazine),
ʻO GERMANISTIK kekahi mekalakala kahi i hoʻolahaʻia ai nā hana a pau i paiʻia ma ka papa o ka'ōlelo German a me nā puke.
Wahi a Hugo Moser, ua pili ka'eneke'ōlelo Hawaiʻi i ka noiʻiʻana ma muli o "Linguistics System" aʻaʻohe ona kūlana maʻamau.
Uaʻikeʻia ia; nā kūpeʻe a me nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau i hōʻikeʻia i loko o ka mōʻaukalaʻaʻole i huahua i nā hopena maikaʻi. Ma kēia wahi, uaʻae ke Keʻena'Ilekaniaʻoʻoleʻaʻaʻole e komo i ka hana, e lawe i nā haʻawina maikaʻi mai ka moʻolelo kahiko, a ke hoʻomau nei i ka hoʻomauʻana i ke ola.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke kākau i nā nīnau a me nā ʻōlelo e pili ana i kā mākou aʻo Kelemania ma nā kolamu almancax. E pane ʻia kāu mau nīnau āpau e nā kumu aʻo almancax.